{"id":166048,"date":"2025-04-28T12:35:25","date_gmt":"2025-04-28T12:35:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.one.org\/fr\/?p=166048"},"modified":"2025-04-28T12:36:21","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T12:36:21","slug":"maladies-evitables-vaccins","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.one.org\/fr\/actualites\/maladies-evitables-vaccins\/","title":{"rendered":"5 maladies d\u00e9sormais \u00e9vitables gr\u00e2ce aux vaccins"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Les vaccins sont l’une des plus grandes r\u00e9ussites de l’humanit\u00e9 : ils sauvent six vies chaque minute ! Gr\u00e2ce aux vaccins, de nombreuses maladies peuvent aujourd’hui \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9es.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Voici un aper\u00e7u plus d\u00e9taill\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. La variole<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00c0 une certaine \u00e9poque, la variole \u00e9tait \u00ab l’une des maladies les plus d\u00e9vastatrices<\/a> de l’humanit\u00e9 \u00bb. Les premiers cas remontant \u00e0 1350 avant notre \u00e8re<\/a>, la maladie a caus\u00e9 des millions de morts. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais en 1796, Edward Jenner<\/a> a cr\u00e9\u00e9 le vaccin contre la variole – le premier vaccin \u00e0 avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 mis au point avec succ\u00e8s. Aujourd’hui, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l’efficacit\u00e9 de ce vaccin, aux investissements, \u00e0 l’action et \u00e0 la sensibilisation, la variole a \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement <\/strong>\u00e9radiqu\u00e9e en 1980<\/strong><\/a>.  La variole est la seule maladie infectieuse \u00e0 avoir obtenu cette distinction, ce qui en fait l’une des r\u00e9ussites les plus remarquables en mati\u00e8re de sant\u00e9 publique. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. La poliomy\u00e9lite<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bien que la polio existe depuis la pr\u00e9histoire<\/a>, elle n’a \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement reconnue comme maladie qu’en 1840. La polio est une maladie infectieuse qui touche principalement les enfants de moins de cinq ans.<\/a> La maladie se transmet d’une personne \u00e0 l’autre par l’interm\u00e9diaire d’aliments ou d’eau contamin\u00e9s<\/a> ou par la \u00ab voie f\u00e9cale-orale \u00bb<\/a>.  La maladie se multiplie par la suite dans l’intestin et envahit le syst\u00e8me nerveux de l’individu, entra\u00eenant une paralysie<\/a>. Une infection sur 200<\/a> entra\u00eene une paralysie irr\u00e9versible. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La polio est m\u00eame devenue \u00ab la maladie la plus redout\u00e9e<\/a> au monde \u00bb \u00e0 la fin du XIXe si\u00e8cle et au XXe si\u00e8cle. Mais dans les ann\u00e9es 1950, le Dr Jonas Salk a cr\u00e9\u00e9 le premier vaccin efficace contre la polio<\/a>. Par la suite, le Dr Albert Sabin<\/a> a cr\u00e9\u00e9 un deuxi\u00e8me vaccin contre la polio. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Depuis l’introduction de ces vaccins, les cas de polio ont diminu\u00e9 de <\/strong>plus de 99 %<\/strong><\/a>, gr\u00e2ce aux efforts des campagnes de vaccination et au renforcement de la pr\u00e9vention de la maladie. La polio est sur le point d’\u00eatre \u00e9radiqu\u00e9e au niveau mondial, mais il est essentiel d’atteindre les derniers foyers de la maladie pour emp\u00eacher une r\u00e9apparition. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

3<\/strong>. La rougeole<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La rougeole est tr\u00e8s contagieuse<\/a> et peut entra\u00eener des complications graves, voire la mort. Cette maladie a\u00e9roport\u00e9e se transmet lorsqu’une personne infect\u00e9e par la rougeole tousse, \u00e9ternue ou respire sur une autre. On estime que 107 500 personnes<\/a> sont mortes de la rougeole en 2023, la plupart d’entre elles \u00e9tant des enfants de moins de cinq ans. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avant l’introduction du vaccin en 1963, on estimait \u00e0 2,6 millions le nombre de d\u00e9c\u00e8s<\/a> par an. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gr\u00e2ce au vaccin et aux campagnes de vaccination, plus de <\/strong>60 millions de d\u00e9c\u00e8s<\/strong><\/a> dus \u00e0 la rougeole ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9vit\u00e9s<\/strong> entre 2000 et 2023. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Le t\u00e9tanos<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Le t\u00e9tanos est caus\u00e9 par l’infection d’une coupure ou d’une blessure qui contient la bact\u00e9rie responsable du t\u00e9tanos. Les \u00ab spores<\/a> \u00bb de la bact\u00e9rie responsable du t\u00e9tanos peuvent \u00eatre trouv\u00e9es pratiquement partout (surfaces de la peau, outils rouill\u00e9s, terre, etc.).  Le t\u00e9tanos ne peut pas \u00eatre transmis d’une personne \u00e0 l’autre et peut \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9 par l’immunisation octroy\u00e9e par le vaccin contenant le t\u00e9tanos-toxo\u00efde. Les cas les plus fr\u00e9quents se trouvent chez les nouveau-n\u00e9s et les femmes enceintes qui n’ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 vaccin\u00e9s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gr\u00e2ce aux efforts de vaccination, le nombre de d\u00e9c\u00e8s de nouveau-n\u00e9s dus au t\u00e9tanos a diminu\u00e9 de 97 % depuis 1988<\/strong>, ann\u00e9e o\u00f9 plus de 700 000 nouveau-n\u00e9s sont d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9s au cours de leur premier mois de vie en raison de la maladie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Le papillomavirus humain (HPV)\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Le papillomavirus humain (HPV) est une infection sexuellement transmissible (IST) qui peut entra\u00eener un cancer du col de l’ut\u00e9rus. Les cancers du col de l’ut\u00e9rus repr\u00e9sentent 90 % des cancers li\u00e9s au HPV chez les femmes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le vaccin contre le papillomavirus est efficace pour pr\u00e9venir les cancers dus au papillomavirus. Lorsque le vaccin est administr\u00e9 \u00e0 un stade pr\u00e9coce, il peut r\u00e9duire de 99 % le \u00ab risque de modifications graves des cellules<\/strong><\/a> <\/strong>du col de l’ut\u00e9rus pour les types de HPV les plus susceptibles de provoquer un cancer du col de l’ut\u00e9rus \u00bb. Des taux de vaccination plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s pourraient permettre d’\u00e9viter des centaines de milliers de cas de cancer du col de l’ut\u00e9rus chaque ann\u00e9e. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le travail pour mettre fin \u00e0 ces maladies n’est pas encore termin\u00e9. Pour que chaque personne puisse vivre en bonne sant\u00e9, les vaccins sont des outils essentiels en mati\u00e8re de sant\u00e9 mondiale. C’est pourquoi, chez ONE, nous nous effor\u00e7ons de garantir \u00e0 toutes et tous un acc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable aux vaccins, pour permettre \u00e0 chacun et chacune de vivre dans la dignit\u00e9, partout dans le monde. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n

Passez \u00e0 l’action !<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pour agir \u00e0 nos c\u00f4t\u00e9s, vous pouvez signer notre p\u00e9tition afin de demander \u00e0 Emmanuel Macron de financer les efforts de vaccination mondiale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Je signe la p\u00e9tition<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n

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Les vaccins sont l’une des plus grandes r\u00e9ussites de l’humanit\u00e9 : ils sauvent six vies chaque minute ! Gr\u00e2ce aux vaccins, de nombreuses maladies peuvent aujourd’hui \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9es. D\u00e9couvrez-en cinq.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":166051,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"162407,162480,162451,162429,162617,162623","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[93],"tags":[],"topic":[38],"contributor":[33],"one_content_audience":[],"one_content_type":[],"one_content_tone":[],"class_list":["post-166048","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zoom","topic-sante","contributor-one-france"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n5 maladies d\u00e9sormais \u00e9vitables gr\u00e2ce aux vaccins - 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